Network topology

Network topology

The purpose of a network is to connect the networks that already exist in the network so that information can be transferred from one location to another lokawi. Because the company divulging memuliki want or need different then there are various ways a network can be connected terminals. Geometric structure is called a LAN Topologies.

There are 6 types of topology, namely:

1. Bus
2. Ring
3.  Star
4.  Extended Star
5. hierarchical topology
6. Mesh

Each topology has different characteristics berdeda and each also has its advantages and disadvantages. Topology does not depend on the medium and each topology typically uses the following media:

The types of media are:

1. Twisted Pair
2. Coaxial Cable
3. Optical Cable
4. Wireless

Topology is divided into two types: Physical Topology and Logical Topology. Below are the types of Physical Topology.

A.Topology Bus atau Daisy Chain 

This topology has the following characteristics:

1. is that both ends of the wires was closed, where all the wires are the nodes
2. commonly used for simple installation 
3. signal through the cable in two directions and possible collision 
4. The biggest problem when the cable broke. If one of the broken cable segment, then the entire network to a halt.

B.Topology Ring
This topology mempuyai following characteristics:
 

1. closed loop that contains the node-node 
2. simple in layout
3. signal flow in one direction, so as to avoid a collision (two mixed data
4. packets), thus enabling fast data movement and collision detection is much simpler 
5. problem: the same as the bus topology 
6. ring topology is usually not prepared physically but realized with a consentrator and look like a star topology

C.Topology Star

This topology has the following characteristics:

1. each node communicates directly with the central node, the data traffic flowing from node to the central node and back again.
2. easily developed, since each node only has a cable that directly connects to the central node.
3. advantages if one cable is disconnected the other nodes are not disturbed.
4. cable can be used to "lower grade" because only handle a single node traffic, typically used UTP cables

D. Topology Extended Star

Extended Star topology is the continued development of the star topology in which the characteristics are not much different from the star topology, namely:

1. Each node communicates directly with the sub-node, while the sub nodes to communicate with the central node. the data traffic flowing from node to node and then forwarded to the sub-central node and back again.
2. Used on large networks and require a lot of liaison or exceeds the maximum capacity of a liaison.
3. advantage: if one node is lost then the sub cable sub node that others are not disturbed, but if the central node is lost then all the nodes in each sub-node will be disconnected 
4. can not use the cable that "lower grade" because only handle a single node traffic, because to communicate between one node to another node takes several hops.

E. Topology hierarchical

This topology is commonly referred to as topolodi tree. Built by extended star topology as a sub node is connected through a single central node. This topology can support both baseband and broadband signaling and also supports both contention and token bus access.

F. Topology Mesh
MESH topology constructed by placing a link between atation-station. A 'fully-connected mesh' is sebauh network where each terminal is connected directly to all other terminals. Usually used on smaller computer networks. This topology is theoretically possible but not practical, and cost is high enough to be implemented. Mesh topology has a high level of redundancy. So if there is a link that is broken then the station can find another link.